Research design paper Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Design paper - Research Proposal Example United States ranks near the bottom in terms of low voter turnout2. This research seeks to institute whether campaigns, voter mobilization, voter education and voting practices and barriers affect voter turnout in presidential elections in the United States of America. The research also seeks to explain how the aforementioned variables affect voter turnout levels. Previous studies have provided some information as to why some registered citizens resolve to vote while others do not. However, such research has not explained sufficiently whether voter mobilization, voter education and voting practices and barriers affect voter turnout in presidential elections in the United States of America, and how these variables determine voter turnout levels in presidential elections. This study adopts the use of secondary sources to test hypotheses. Voter turnout in every subsequent US presidential election has been higher than the previous turnout. Finding reliable inferences pertaining to the re search question will be crucial in predicting how various factors may affect future elections. Voter outcome speculators will also be able to make their predictions with greater degrees of precision. Future researchers may use the information acquired by this study in their surveys. The findings of this study are vital because electoral bodies may also use the inferences to implement changes that will ensure high voter turnout levels in future. The key terms in this study include voter turn out and voter mobilization. Voter turnout is the absolute of people who vote in the election, mostly measured in percentage3. Voter mobilization is influencing voters to pay attention to campaigns and vote in favour of a certain party. Literature Review Voter turn out in presidential elections is determined by several factors. Eligibility formalities and campaign stimuli are some of the determinants of voter turn out. Also, stiff competition increases the chances of most of the eligible and regis tered voters to vote. The United States of America prevents many or most of the convicted offenders from voting4. Such suppressed votes may have made a substantial difference in U.S national and local electoral outcomes. There are also pitfalls over the rights of immigrants to the ballot. Most studies have taken eligibility rules as a given4. Voting participation can be determined by socioeconomic factors such as income and education. Voting registration and turnout can also be affected by the amount of campaign stimuli in the context of political mobilization5. According to Dycke-Norris, the two most important factors that affect voting are the presidential candidate and the nature of the times6. Other factors that affect voter turnout include formalities for the inclusion in the electoral registers6. However, it is important to note that the more the people are registered to vote, the larger the number of those who are likely not to vote. Consequently, this may reduce the voter tu rnout levels in an election. Competitiveness between races may lead to a high vote turnout, especially when candidates come from either of these races. Voter education also affects the level of voter turnout. For instance, it was noted that education levels of voters determined whether they turned to vote in a presidential elec

Case Study Analysis on an Organisation Essay Example for Free

Case Study Analysis on an Organisation Essay Organisational change is something that occurs throughout an organisation’s life cycle and effects the entire organisation rather than one part of it. Employing a new person is one example. Change is increasing due to a number of forces including globalisation led by rapidly advancing technologies, cultural diversity, environmental resources and the economy; therefore the ability to recognise the need for change as well as implement change strategies effectively, in a proactive response to internal and external pressures is essential to organisational performance. Internal changes can include organisational structure, process and HR requirements and external changes involve government legislation, competitor movements and customer demand (Wood et al, 2010). Change does not need to be a painful process, as it may seem when observing the amount of failed change management initiatives with reports as low as 10% of researched success rates (Oakland Tanner, 2007), when successful change management strategies are utilised and planned, including effective communication strategies, operational alignment, readiness to change and implementation, which all lower and overcome resistance (Wood et al, 2010). There is a great amount of literature on the negative aspects and difficult management with employees resisting change, however Wood et al (2010) challenge this notion by questioning the change management process as people do not resist change itself but aspects of the change that affects them personally such as fear of the unknown, status, remuneration and comfort. Resistance to these changes is a healthy reaction and can be managed effectively in the beginning by ensuring communication and using one of the change initiatives described here. Background Information Truelocal is based in Sydney, with small sales branches in Brisbane and Melbourne. It employs over 150 staff, an increase of approximately 50% over the past two years. It was founded in 2005 by NDM as part of an expanding operation of online websites to provide across the board consumer services, including news and magazine websites; online sport and weather information; and shopping comparison search engine, web-based recruitment, and travel search engine solutions [http://www. ewsdigitalmedia. com. au, accessed 25/08/2010]. As the world shifted into what is often referred to as the ‘digital info age’, consumer demand for online media as a way to source information significantly increased and demand for printed media decreased putting pressure on newspaper companies to expand to producing news and information online in digital format. This included News Corporation which decreased its newspaper operations and increased its digital expansion. As an employee at Truelocal for over six years, I have acquired this information presented here through interviews with management, company information and my own observations internally within the organisation’s sales department working in the roles of sales executive, account manager and senior retention account manager. The Need for Change – Management Structure Truelocal needed to align its culture, values and structure with the parent company in order to meet strategic growth goals not long after it was founded. Wood et al (2010) describe the work of an author, Noel Tichey on managing strategic change. Experts use three fundamental sets of change in their approach; technical design, political allocation and culture/ideological mix problems. It is one of these problems that become a pressing issue at any one time of which then initiates the change. In Truelocal’s case there were a number of changes evolving and at this time it was culture problems. NDM has been growing in size since its establishment in 2006 with a number of acquired website operations, each operating as a separate business unit with the support of HR, Finance, IT, Commercial Operations and other support services provided by the parent company (NDM). A decision was made to align the organisation in terms of operations, culture and strategy so it could concentrate on innovation and performance to achieve its goal of becoming the number one provider of online information in Australia. As a result NDM redesigned its organisational structure as Truelocal and most of the other business units merged together in one location. Not long after this relocation, Truelocal began flattening out the company structure lead by a new management team and CEO. It has since been under constant change to achieve it’s goal to continue growth (both in number of staff and performance) and excel as a high performing and innovative company with an agenda of being the second largest online directory service in Australia after it’s competitor Sensis (Yellow pages online). Wood et al (2010) explain the performance gap is a desire to move from one less desired state to another. This can be seen by the increased performance after the change occurred and culture change was implemented. What changed Fundamental changes that occurred were a shift from the existing vertical, bureaucratic structure to a horizontal structure and change in specialist functioning of divisions creating a professional, corporate environmental culture that was customer focused. The existing culture was a casual attitude towards dress requirements, starting and finishing times, breaks, informal communication expression and channels and many staff were employed as friends of existing staff rather than based on competency and job skills. Some managers had their partners working for them and a few were family members. There didn’t appear to be any dress code and people came and left work at varying times. Additionally management employed more skilled staff, retrained existing staff and created processes of which procedures were then put in place. One of the ways these objectives were achieved was by the reduction of management layers resulting in more direct reporting. Wood et al (2010) explain as organisational size increases, the more interconnections and less direct communication between people takes place (Wood et al, 2010). Change Process When management at Truelocal uplifted existing management and reporting structures, staffs were initially left without direction, reporting channels, processes and goals were not clearly communicated causing a lot of uncertainty. Consequently many staff resigned as they felt upset and confused about what was happening. Truelocal however, retained some of the more experienced staff with new career development propositions and new managers were encouraging and open about future improvements that were to take place within the organisation. One of the ways Truelocal could have managed this change is by using the Freeze/Unfreeze concept; Wood et al (2010) explains Kurt Lewin, a famous organisational Psychologist’s three-force phase, which is needed for any organisation to be motivated to bring about the change of which are; 1) Unfreezing focuses on preparing people for change. This is a critical part of the change phase prior to implementation by analysing and influencing resistance and need to change. A common tool that is used at this stage is called Force Field Analysis, this measures these forces. ) Changing of people; tasks; structure; technology. Ideally the organisation will be completely unfrozen, ready for change and its goals made clear. It is recommended that staff are not perceived to have a sense of high or low security at this stage in order to avoid resistance. 3) Refreezing is the evaluation and reinforcement of the changes that took place. The new managers were recruited by Truelocal for their exp erience in organisational transformation within the type of professional, high performing, corporate environment the organisation desired and who worked at their competitor company. These managers were expected to manage the entire change process themselves. Change agents are people or groups who take responsibility for the change of behaviours and existing patterns in a supportive manner (Wood et al, 2010). The perceived risks however, are the responsibility of the organisation’s leader who decides on the direction of the change (Oakland Tanner, 2007). Planned changes that took place were; Structure – change in organisational design by reporting systems, operational processes and size of teams, while roles were redefined by definition, job title and remuneration. Tasks – Most jobs were redesigned including more responsibility for staff in management roles and multi functional tasks for other staff. One of these job designs is called job enrichment, which is the increase and deepening of motivating factors built into a job (Wood et al, 2010). Some of these enrichments used by new management were increased responsibility and accountability, less control and more freedom in the job and more recognition. People – improvement of recruitment and selection process by advertising formal job vacancies on the organization’s intranet and incentives for staff to nominate candidates who were then formally interviewed by a number of managers. Additionally training sessions for new staff, coaching and certification courses were made available. Carless (2005) describes her research on the compatibility of job-person-organisation-environment fit. She believes a person must assess their attributes and personality with the job and organisational characteristics, which is likely to improve job satisfaction and adjustment to the environment. Culture – organisational values and beliefs were communicated from the parent company of which staff was rewarded when their behaviour displayed these values. Recognition was given in addition at meetings and performance appraisals. This is the observable culture, however as Wood et al (2010) explain, shared meanings and stories are other powerful aspects of culture and this can be observed at Truelocal by the high turnover of staff by both stories and norms that communicate the need to work hard to perform in the job or leave. Cultural symbols include trophies for ‘employee of the month’ awarded to the highest performer. These symbols serve to transmit cultural meaning (Wood et al, 2010). In the sales department a large subculture can be observed. Wood et al (2010) explain strong subcultures are often found in high performance task forces where people share similar values and backgrounds. This subculture included men between the ages of 22-30 yrs that have no formal education, drink alcohol excessively, and are passionate about technology, highly materialistic and view women as sex objects, which can often be observed by their language and behaviour. Moreover this culture is likely to be influenced by the national culture of which the organisation is embedded (Wood et al, 2010). In fact this subculture existed in the old culture before the restructure of which the company held ‘diversity training’ focused on discrimination and fairness within the workplace resulting in terminations. According to The Economist (2008), in the economic downturn companies need ‘Generation Y’ as hungry 25-35 year olds without commitment, for marketing and product innovation with emerging technologies, able to put in the time and energy to help them deal with recession hazards, especially in sales. Strategy – operations and planning were clarified at monthly and quarterly meetings including product changes. These were addressed by department managers regularly and CEO meetings irregularly, to engage staff. Wood et al (2010) explain leadership has changed from the traditional trait and behaviour approaches to transformational, charismatic, visionary focus and is separate from management. The leadership team at Truelocal formally includes the CEO and parent company (NDM) leaders. Their leadership function can be observed by their language and behaviours they use a transformational and visionary change approach. Objectives – specific performance targets were set allowing staff to earn a higher commission by overachieving set targets, recognition and prizes to increase motivation consistently. Purpose – both the CEO and the parent company made organisational goals clearly communicated vision and clarified progress regularly. Recognition was given for the contribution of each department and each business unit to the overall success of the organisation. These changes were managed by senior staff using a combination of change strategy approaches as explained by Wood et al (2010) that include a forced approach of top down command, one way communication, coercive reward and punishment approach, rationalisation approach and shared decision making, empowered approach. Of these approaches no single approach was concluded best by researchers on organisational change and it is advised that more commonly a combination will occur, however guidelines are offered to change agents and managers (Wood et al, 2010); consider use of expert consultants communicate the need for change feedback from employees avoid changing for the sake of change study organisational change and structures From this perspective Truelocal management took the right approach by varying the way they managed the change. Change Results The facilitation of clearer and faster communication channels enabled staff to work more efficiently and get things done faster, along wit h improved technology. Further benefits of this structure were people collaborating in teams, using initiative and increased spontaneous communication while rules, procedures and close supervision were reduced as described in (Tushman, Anderson O’Reilly, 1997). Wood et al (2010) describe the matrix structure is common in large organisations wanting to improve customer responsiveness. Truelocal’s reporting structure utilised this organisational design as part of the change, for example the finance manager reports to the CEO of Truelocal and to the Commercial Director of NDM, however Wood et al (2010) note each organisation’s structure is unique and there is no single observed design. This change is described by Wood et al (2010) as radical. Radical changes are fundamental reorientations and transformational, often initiated by the arrival of a new CEO. Culture Performance Change Since the change occurred, Truelocal’s sales department recorded a growth rate of 15% per full time employee (FTE). Some strategies used were; Performance appraisal review (PAR) – staff are asked to grade themselves on their performance and their use of company values of which are discussed by their managers. For example one of the values is ‘Impact’ and an employee is asked how much impact they contributed to the organisation since the last performance review and they are required to give examples of this behaviour. These PARs are held quarterly and annually. Reward and remuneration – staff are given targets according to their job level and experience with incentives to over achieve. These targets are called Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). The person’s job is broken into task components of which each component consists of a target behaviour that is rewarded. Remuneration is based on the overall percentage of KP I achievement. Recognition – employee of the month award was created by encouraging staff to use an online submission for their preferred co-worker who had gone over and above their job requirement displaying one of the company values. In addition the company awards the sales department with the person with the highest dollar value in sales and yearly a larger reward of which one year was a new car. Similarly a newsletter recognises new sales people who achieve early in their job. All of these reinforcements are called extrinsic which are rewards given to someone by another person’s valued outcome and because they are environmentally impactful are valued in influencing behaviour through the law of effect (Wood et al, 2010). Cultural change can take years according to Wood et al (2010); however effective cultural change strategies can be used to shorten the timeframe. One of which is explained by Oakland Tanner (2007), it is important to align the culture to support the desired change in behaviour. For example Truelocal needed a professional, customer focused culture which required staff to develop professional skills and behaviour. The result was all departments undertook a full training programme designed to increase awareness in communication, with a focus on questioning and empathy. Conclusion Truelocal is a young company and part of the larger and still relatively new parent organisation, NDM, operating under the global News Corporation. The industry it operates in, digital media is one of the fastest growing and changing environments globally. It changed from a structure and culture of casual, unprofessional work practices managed within a more bureaucratic structure that was under performing to a transformational, high performing, innovative and professional culture that is customer focused. Truelocal achieved its goal of growth, productivity and change in culture, however many staff were lost in the process and not much planning appeared to be in place. It is unclear as to the lack of planning, communication or use of external consultant in the case of radical change that occurred. One assumption might be due to budgetary restrictions as the company has been running at a loss since it started, reporting a loss this year of over one hundred million. Apart from the successful change management strategies that were used by the change agents, in particular the motivational strategies used by nominated change managers, numerous other approaches were identified that may benefit the organisation for managing future changes more effectively. Reference List Carless, S. A. (2005). Person-job fit versus person-organisation fit as predictors of organisational attraction and job acceptance intentions: a longitudinal study. Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology. 78 (3), 411-429. Generation Y goes to work (2008, December 30). The Economist (US). Retrieved from http://www. economist. com/business/displaystory. cfm? story_id=12863573 Oakland, J. S. , Tanner, S. (2007). Successful change management. Total Quality Management, 18 (1-2), 1-19. Tushman, M. L. , Anderson, P. C. O’Reilly, C. (1997). Technology cycles, innovation streams and ambidextrous organisations: organisaiton renewal through innovation streams and strategic change. Managing strategic innovation and change. Oxford University Press, NY. 2-23. Wood, J, Zeffane, R. , Fromholtz M. , Wiesner R. , Creed A. , Schermerhorn J. , Hunt J. , Osborn R. , (2010). Organisational Behaviour, Core concepts applications. 2nd Ed. John Wiley Sons, Australia, Ltd. Milton Qld.

Enders Game Essay -- English Literature Essays

Ender's Game In our everyday life, we make decisions, decisions that may change the world we live in, if only slightly. However, each decision we make has an impact on our life and is therefore important. Each time we choose one thing over another, we draw from our previous knowledge to make the best choice we can. However, the ideas and thoughts that actually dictate how we make our choices are the morals that we base our life on. For some, these morals are simple and do not reflect what their life means to them, but for others, the morals that they live on are the foundation of their life. For those who have strong morals, those morals may be complex and hard to understand to others; for this reason, it is common for characters in a book to be simple and their actions to be taken only at face value. However, a few books are able to grasp the underlying meaning of certain actions and words, but none I have yet seen present the morals of characters and define so clearly the feeling and emotions o f people as Orson Scott Card has in his book, ENDER’S GAME. He creates his characters in ways that not only reveal the meanings of their lives, but he creates a story so gracefully interlaced within the feeling and emotions of his characters that the plot itself revolves around themes, ideas, and morals, not the other way around. He creates worlds with people so real that you remember them as real people; people from whom you take ideas and use to create a better life for yourself and others. Each character that Card creates has a unique personality. From the heartless people to the brilliant aliens, each person has their own way of doing things. His writing defines each character in ways such that you can feel how they feel and understand what they desire and need. What really makes this exceptional is that he not only creates the desires and needs of individual humans; he also creates a general feel of what humanity has evolved into. Furthermore, he has created new species that have needs and desires as a whole, thus creating a vast interconnecting universe that can not only be simply understood by the reader but can also be understood in a way that reveals how each character defines the meaning of life. Ender Wiggin, the main character, was born in a time when population restriction laws were in effect. The people of the time could only have two children.... ...is good because he is forgiving—he understands even those who hate him. This is his most important characteristic. He tries to understand everything, and is good at it. The reason he is so good in battle is because he wishes to understand even his enemy and he does, but as he puts it "In the moment when I truly understand my enemy, understand him well enough to defeat him, then in that very moment I also love him. I think it's impossible to really understand somebody, what they want, what they believe, and not love them the way they love themselves." To him this means that as soon as he delivers the killing blow, he loves his enemy and understands them, he hates himself for this. Another one of his morals is that he will try to undo what he has done. He accomplishes this by calling himself the Speaker For The Dead. To him this means that whomever he has killed he has understood, and the least he can do is share that understanding with others. In the case of the buggers, he killed them, understood them and loved them, and so he was able tell others that the buggers where really good, and through his writings he was able to redeem himself and bring to life those who he had killed.

Statement of Educational Goals and Philosophy :: My Philosophy of Education

Statement of Educational Goals and Philosophy When I was in High school I decided that I wanted to be a secondary teacher. At first I didn’t want to be a teacher, but a few of my teachers changed my mind. In secondary school, I was thought of as an outcast by both my peers and my teachers. I had moved from Washington D.C. to the small country town of Galax, in Virginia, and the way I talked and dressed gained allot of negative attention. People thought that I was not capable of anything but starting trouble, when in fact I was very quite and shy. This negative stereotype made school a painful experience and I did not enjoy going to school. It wasn’t until my junior year that I had teachers who saw that I was in fact a intelligent person, capable of anything. They were the ones that showed me that, given the right direction, any student can accomplish anything. They also showed me that learning could be made fun. These teachers are what made me want to teach. They made me want to be the teacher that is there to help every student reach their full potential. In the following paragraphs I will state my philosophy on education and some goals that I will meet. It wasn’t until a project that my Education 210 teacher, Miss Smith, assigned my group a project on essentialism that I realized I was an essentialist, this approach to education was made popular by William Bagley. This approach was originally thought of as being to critical of students, but the launching of Sputnik in nineteen fifty seven and â€Å"A Nation at Risk† in nineteen eighty three brought essentialism back. In all things that are done in the classroom, such as classroom management, the curriculum, teaching methods, and the ways of evaluating my students, I plan to follow the essentialist approach. I wish to do this because it is my belief that schools should instill traditional moral values and the intellectual knowledge that students need in order to become model citizens. After all, I believe that the purpose of education is to mold students into model citizens because they are future leaders.

Blackberry vs Iphone

Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate which is the best smart phone brand between Blackberry and Iphone by measuring the effectiveness of both marketing mix; Product, Price, Place and Promotions. A theoretical framework has been constructed and the group chose to conduct an online survey; using the website that enables users to create their own web-survey, in order to acquire the needed data for this research. The results indicate that the best smart phone so far is Blackberry because their company marketing mixes have been greatly positioned in the people’s mind and preferences.The marketing mix is a business tools in marketing product. The marketing mix is often crucial when determining a product or brand’s unique selling point (the unique quality that differentiates a product from its competitors) and is often synonymous with the four P’s (Borden, Neil. 1960). It is recommend that the marketing mix implemented by Blackberry is the most effective for mobile phone industry; as well as the smart phone, and the strategy lies within it should be followed and exaggerated from time to time to capture the greater demand of consumers. . INTRODUCTION There has been a massive trend in the mobile industry over these past five years. But in developing countries like Malaysia, the trend has just arrived here a couple years back. Every people walk by and teenagers run through, all with their brand new smart phones. Laughter and joy have encountered their live since the existence of the smart phone. 1. History IBM Simon was designed in 1992 and shown as a concept product in a computer trade exhibition took place in Las Vegas, Nevada.It was published and sold by BellSouth in 1993, and besides being a mobile phone, it also contained a calendar, address book, world clock, calculator, note pad, e-mail client, the ability to send and receive  faxes, and games. It had no physical buttons, instead customers used a  touch screen  to select telephone numbers with a finger or create faxes and memos with an optional stylus. Text was entered with a unique on-screen â€Å"predictive† keyboard. The term smart phone was used when Ericsson introduced the concept phone, GS88 and it was the first device labeled ‘smart phone. The trend of smart phone has been a great business to mobile entrepreneurs to expand their product assortments and this opportunity has injected Malaysia’s economic to a very potential growth. Hence, it also drives the local entrepreneur to set up a franchise business from the top smart phone brand which is the essence of the development of mobile industry in Malaysia. The relatively stable prices of Smartphone’s averaging around $309 in the region will continue to drive the industry’s strong growth momentum.In Southeast Asia where smart phone penetration is still nowhere near saturation levels, we can be sure that the current sales spurt will carry on for at least the next few years (The Next. 04-30. 2012). On the other hand, Canadian Research in Motion Blackberry has taken the lead in the smart phone market and being positively challenged by Steve Job’s Apple Iphone, the American, and among the world biggest inventors in mobile and computer. Blackberry and Iphone became a tsunami in the trend of consuming smart phone.Each and every part of newspapers and billboards has the advertisements and promotions of both brand simultaneously, all the latest application came by; altogether with Blackberry and Iphone. People were shocked and hardly believed that they experiencing a major revolution in their communicating devices and since then, hundreds and thousands of people world-wide will queue to buy the new version of smart phone by Apple and Blackberry when it was released in the market. 1. 2 Background Responding to the tremendous wave of the smart phones, the group has initiated and conducted a research on two smart phone market leaders, Apple an d Blackberry.The research was in objective to find the ‘best of the best’ by measuring the effectiveness of both marketing mixes. The group investigated the strategy they used in delivering the product to the customers and capturing the people’s interests on it. The research was named as Iphone versus Blackberry: Marketing Mix, and by this research, the group learned how well they drove the industry by changing the people’s wants into needs. 1. 3 COMPANY BACKGROUND 1. 3. 1 SMARTPHONE BLACKBERRY Blackberry is a line of Smartphone device. It developed and designed by Canadian company Research in Motion (RIM) since 1999.The function of the Smartphone Blackberry is a personal digital assistant, internet browsers, gaming devices, portable media players and so on. Their ability to sent and achieve email and instant massages is the primarily for maintaining a high level of security thought on device massages encryption. The device supports a large variety of inst ant massaging features including Blackberry Messengers (BBM). The first Blackberry device was introduced as a two way pager in Germany since 1999. The name of Smartphone was coined by the marketing company Lexicon Branding.Smartphone Blackberry was released to support push the email, mobile telephone, text messaging, via internet faxing, web browsing and others wireless information services. This is an example of convergent device. The RIM 850 and 857 used the Data Tac network is the original Blackberry device. Smartphone Blackberry is the first made headway in the marketplace by concentrating by email. The Blackberry email service to non-Blackberry devices currently offers from RIM. For example is the Palm Treo; through its Blackberry connect software. The original device had a monochrome display, but all current models have color displays.All models had a built-in QWERTY keyboard, optimized for thumbing, the use of only the thumbs to type. The models are the all-touch Torch 9850/9 860 except for the Storm series. 1. 3. 2 SMARTPHONE IPHONE Iphone also one of part line of the Smartphone designed. The market is by Apple Inc and it was unveiled by Steve Job, the CEO of Apple on January 2007. The iPhone 4s; the generation 5th generation iPhone was announced on October 2011 and released 10 days later. The function in iPhone 4 is a touch screen slate Smartphone also develop by Apple Inc.It is particularly marketed for video calling, consumption of media such as books and periodicals, movies and games and also for general web and email access. It was released in United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan. Apple Inc. announced about iPhone 4 on 2010 at San Francisco. It runs Apple’s iOS operating system, the same operating system as used on prior iPhones, the iPad and the iPod Touch. The mainly control by the user’s fingertips on the multi-touch display. It is sensitive to fingertip contact and the latest operating system release is iOS 5. 1.The new desig n, which incorporated a UN insulated stainless steel frame that acts as the device’s antenna is the most noticeable difference between the iPhone 4 and its predecessors. The internal components are situated between two panels of chemically strengthened alumina glass. It has an Apple A4 processor and 512 MB of eDRAM. It predeceases and four times that of the original iPhone. Its 3. 5-inch (89  mm)  LED backlit  liquid crystal display  with a 960? 640 pixel resolution is marketed as the â€Å"Retina Display†. 1. 4 SCOPE OF PROJECT The project is about the comparison of Marketing Mix between Apple Inc.Corperation and Blackberry Company from United States of American which both of pioneer leading inventors for ‘Smart Phone’ in the world. Thus, it is focused on the several chosen model of Smart phone introduced by both company based on the Tools of Marketing Mix; product, Price, Place and Promotion (4P’s) in which will be the measurement methods of the comparison. 1. 4. 1 Location 1. 3. 1. 1 The research is conducted in Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor and the respondent is estimated around 1000 to 2000 people. 1. 4. 2 Respondents segmentation: 1. 3. 2. 1 Numbers of respondents: 100 internet users 1. 3. 2. 2 Tools of research: 1. 3. 2. Researches are using 100% questionnaires via Internet Survey and not have other method. 1. 4. 2. 4 Microsoft Project used in structuring the Gantt chart. 1. 4. 3 Limitations of project: 1. 4. 3. 1 Website does not provide the required †¢ Groups were experiencing the difficulties in seeking the information about the company which the company’s websites does not prove the required information. 1. 4. 3. 3 Internal conflict †¢ Group members also caused negative effects on project from internal conflict †¢ For example, group cannot give the full commitment with other for find the information to collect the data in work project. . Objective of Project 1. Aim: Revealing the best bra nd for the consumer based on the Marketing Mix 2. Objective 1. Learning the fundamentals of project management. 2. Improving the studies on research methodology such as collecting information, interpreting data and conducting survey 3. Applying the teamwork theories while initiating the project. 6. Problem Statement / Research Question Marketing mix is a generally phase used to describe the different kinds choices organization have to in the whole process of bringing a product or service to market.The 4Ps is one way probably the best known way of defining the marketing mix and was first expressed. (1960, EMJ McCarthy) A problem faced by the marketing mix for Smartphone between BlackBerry and I phone. People want to know how companies can manage the marketing mix with competitor from 4 sides 4Ps. Firstly is services or product, people want to know the features does it have to meet these needs and there are any features they missed out or including costly features that the customer wo n’t actually used, how and where will the people use it.Secondly is about the place in marketing mix, people want more to know where do buyer look for the Smartphone product or services, the customer need used a sales force or attend the trade fairs or make online submission or others. For marketing mix in price, the problem statement people more to known what the value of the product or services to the buyer and what the offered to trade customer. At the last problem statement is marketing mix it is people want to know is about promotion, what the best promotion company used their Smartphone in the press or on TV, radio or internet and others. . Target User The purpose of this research was to examine which is the best smart phone brand between Blackberry and Apple I Phone based on the marketing mix of each product. Below are the people who were targeted on the research: 1. 7. 1 Blackberry and Apple I Phone users. †¢ Both smart phone brand users were the target user and also the respondents of this research. 1. 7. 2 Other smart phone users and future users. †¢ Besides both brand users, other brand and non- users were also became the target user as they also the target audience for the companies. 1. LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Definition of marketing mix 2. 2 4Ps Nowadays, the demands of new technology of smart phones become increasing from day to day. As the demands have been climbing up, all producers of the smart phones are compete with each other in producing the best products that meet the consumer’s demand. In this project paper, we are trying to explore on the element of marketing mix which are product, place, price and promotion of the smart phones produced by Apple and Blackberry. These two companies are well known as the prime producers of the smart phones because of their high technology.In link with that, this research is trying to focus on how the products affect the customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is very important th ing to consider by the producers as it will affect the sale of the products and automatically increase the revenue. For Apple company, it is already known as the manufacturer of smart phones that manage to penetrates their products well into the market. Starting from the first model of Iphone, they finally capture the customer attention by their latest smart phone which is Iphone 4s. Blackberries also do not want to miss the opportunity to introduce their smart phones to the smart phones lovers.They have come out with the latest smart phones in order to fulfill the consumer’s needs and wants. How well their performance to attract the consumers to realize that their products exist in the market? This research will determine how well their marketing in promoting their products. Apple and Blackberry are known as the great company that come out with smart phones and certainly there are no other competitors can defeat them as their products and services are in the very good level of quality. There is a connection between service quality and customer satisfaction.If the service quality is in the very high level, there will be an increasing in customer satisfaction and it will keep the customer retention towards the products. As the example, Blackberry has produced variety of smart phones starting from Bold 1 until Bold 5 as well as the demand of the consumers whom wants the latest version on smart phones. The same things are happening to Apple Company which has produced their product series of Iphone and the latest one is Iphone 4s. This kind of situation shows that service quality plays an important role in adding up the customer satisfyHarvard Bureau of Business Research already did a research regarding marketing mix of food manufacturer in 1929. The primary objective of that research is to determine common figures of expenses for various marketing functions among food manufacturing companies. We are trying to do a kind of similar research paper on marketin g mix for Blackberry and Apple Iphone to see which types between product, place, promotion and price is more effective in selling the products. The list of four elements of 4p’s can be explained in more details.According to Borden, Neil H, the first element for product means what types of product lines that the company wants to offer. For example, the quality and design of certain product. Besides that, the new product policy should be considered too and research and development need to be done carefully. Secondly, is the place for selling the product. The manufacturer needs to consider the suitable place to sell their product so there will be no loss in the future. They need to determine where to put the product and make sure that the product can be accepted in that place. Next, promotion also is the most important element in marketing mix.Promotion is the hardest part for manufacturer to promote their products. Last but not least, price also plays an important role in marke ting mix. Price level must be determine whether it is suitable and affordable enough for the consumers to get the products. Marketing mix is related to the consumer’s buying behavior, the trade behavior, competition’s position and behavior, and also government’s behavior. Marketing mix need to be understanding well by the manufacturer as it has proved that it help as a device in teaching, business problem solving, and as an aid of thinking in marketing.In research process, there will be a tool that would help in gathering the findings. For this research, there are several methods that have been used in collecting the findings. Firstly, by using the questionnaire method. The questionnaires have been given to the 100 people in order to find out the answer on element of marketing mix and how the products affect the customer satisfaction. The interviewing method also be use to collect the information. The interviewing session is between the researcher and the Blackb erry and Apple Iphone seller around Selangor region. 3. 0 METHODOLOGYOur group had various method of using in the research. Among the method we used is questionnaire to get the response from people using Smartphone Blackberry and Iphone. It was distributing 100 questioners to people answer and get feedback as my research from their perception. Other else, our group also searching from internet for get much information and many examples about how many people using Smart Phone like Blackberry and Iphone in Malaysian and the questionnaire. In order that, we are always ask our lecturer Puan Hasnira as my lecturer the Group Project subject for monitoring.Other various we used of using in the research from interview a few friends using the Smart Phone at collage or out of collage and get the perception from this research. 1. SELECTION OF RESPONDENT †¢ For the selection of respondent we are used from both of Smartphone Apple Iphone and Blackberry brand users were the target user and a lso the respondents of this research. In order that, we are also used from other Smartphone user or future users, beside both brand users, other brand and non- users were also became the target user as they also the target audience for the companies. . Questionnaire In order that, the survey used by on internet for the questionnaire to promote our product. We passed the questionnaire based on Facebook, email and other else. Our group used the Survey Monkey for making the questionnaire and save all data and all answer from people. Used the survey on internet can make people to answer our questionnaire and helps makes success on survey. It’s easy to pass the questionnaire from survey buy internet. 3. Data Collection Study Besides that, have five parts on the questionnaire for making the question.Part A people answer the question based on thick the question and choose the answer based people choice. Part B is people should be underline the product are using and answer the questi on based on your product, also with part C and part E. Part D people should be thick the answer based on the box for answer the question. 4. PROJECT MANAGEMENT 1. WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE The approach of breaking down the work used by the group in prior to converge in developing a detailed list of the activities needed to execute this project . The figure below shows the group WBS for the project. pic] 2. COLLECTING THE INFORMATION 1. Collecting information The very first step in project executing. The information collected is all about the marketing mix for Apple and Blackberry. 2. Analyzing and dividing information The information collected is being analyze and divided. 3. Gathering output The information that have been analyze are collected together to find out the results or findings 4. Moderation The process of arranging and gathering the collected data. 3. CONDUCTING INTERVIEW 1. Conducting interview Interview is the next process after information have been collected.The inter view approaches is using to gather the information from the respondent. In this case, the respondent is the salesperson of Apple and Blackberry phones. 2. Analyze requirement The process of analyzing the requirement needed to identify the types of information gathered. 3. Investigating information The next process in work breakdown structure. The information gathered must be investigate to find the results. 4. Gathering output The last step is gathering the output or the information get from the interview session and arrange in correct order. 4. SURVEY 1. SurveyThe survey is carry out in Bandar Baru Bangi where the expected respondent is the most. 2. Endorsement of questionnaires The questionnaires prepared are distributed to the target respondent in Bandar Baru Bangi. 3. Intepreting information The process of translating the data into useful information 4. Moderation The process of arranging the data collected. 5. 0 FINDING AND ANALYSIS PHONE’S BRAND USER [pic] Figure 5. 1 e xplain how many people using the brands of Smartphone between genders. For male using the Smartphone Iphone is 8%, Blackberry 26% and for Non-user Smartphone is 7%.In order that genders for female using the Smartphone Iphone are 9%, Blackberry 38% and Non-user Smartphone is 12%. The higher user using Smartphone Blackberry for female and male. OCCUPATION [pic] Figure 5. 2 explain the monthly income in occupation user for the Smartphone. Monthly income below RM1000 is using the Smartphone start from student, the higher using then Smartphone is 46%, Blue Collar Worker and White Collar Worker is 2%. For monthly income around RM1000-RM3000 for student is 2%, Blue Collar Worker is 25 and White Collar is 8%.In order that for monthly income RM300 and above more to Blue Collar Worker 5% and White Collar Worker is 11%. WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 5. 3 explain what people think about the brands of users. Firstly for it’s a new product the user of Iphone is 8%, Blackberr y is 12% and Non-user Smartphone is 3%. Iphone user said the think of the phone is 7%, blackberry is 28% and Non-user is 2% and lastly is about because a lot of people are using it for user Iphone is 2%, Blackberry is 24% and Non-user Smartphone is 14%. Many users Blackberry in this Bar Chart.WHY DO YOU CHOOSE THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 5. 4 explain why people choose the Smartphone. The user Non-user 4%, Blackberry 18% and Iphone 3% choose because the phone suits with their preferences. In order that, 5% for Non-user, 23% for Blackberry and 7% for Iphone choose the phone cause of they are like the features. And lastly because of the new trend, Smartphone Iphone support 7%, Blackberry 23% and Non-user is 10%. DO YOU THINK THAT THE PRICE OF YOUR PRODUCT IS REASONABLE? [pic] Bar Chart explains what people think the price in product is reasonable for Smartphone.Have 7% support yes and no from neither. In order that, from Smartphone Blackberry had 63% said yes and 5% said no. Smartphone Iph one 26% said the price is reasonable and 2% is not accepting the price is reasonable. DO YOU KNOW THE LATEST PROMOTION OFFERED ON THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 5. 6 explain how many people know the promotion latest in advertisement offered on the Smartphone. For television have 14% said yes, 4% said no and 1% did not hear new promotions. Radio, only 3% said yes. Internet, 45% said yes, 2% said no and did not hear the promotions.Newspaper, 18% said yes, 3% said no and 1% said did not hear new promotions. And last people know the latest promotion on banner, 5% said yes and only 1% said no. the higher people know the latest promotion on internet. WHAT IS YOUR OPINION TOWARDS THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 5. 7 explain about what opinion of people towards the phone choose. The first opinion its had 5% it is a they are don’t think that the phone is the best in market for now, also 18% people give the opinion is they are certainly hope that there is more new model to come .In order that had oth ers such as their own opinion support 9% and the higher opinion from people its 77%, they are said the phone they are used is the best phone so far. WHICH ONE DO YOU FEEL THAT IT IS WORTH TO OWN EVEN THOUGH IT COSTS? [pic] Pie chart in Figure 5. 8 explains about which one people feel that it is worth to own even thought it costs? Have 16% people feel that IPhone it worth to their own even though it costs than BlackBerry it’s 84%. I KNOW THE NEAREST OUTLET THAT SELLS THE PHONE. [pic] Figure 5. 9 explain about how many people nearest outlet that sells the phone.And the result its 23% said disagree about nearest the outlet, 4% said neutral and the higher it’s 73% people said agree about the people know the nearest outlet that sell the phone. And many people agree about that. I FIND IT IS HARD FOR ME TO GO TO THE OULET BECAUSE IT IS NOT STRATEGICALLY LOCATED. [pic] Figure 6. 0 explain that people how to easy people go to the outlet because it is not strategically located. The result is 10% people agree the located it not good strategies, 29% said that are neutral and the higher said 61% people said disagree about the located it’s not strategies.I LIKE TO GO TO THE OUTLET TO CHECK OUT NEW MODEL BECAUSE THE OUTLET IS VERY ACCOMMODATING AND THE SERVICE IS EXCELLENT. [pic] Figure 6. 1 explain how many people agree or disagree with like to go the outlet to check out new model because the outlet is very accommodating and the service is excellent. 15% neutral, in order that 29% it’s agreed and the higher like to go the outlet to check out new model is disagree 56%. DO YOU THINK THAT THE ADVERTISEMENT BY THE COMPANY ALERTED YOU ON THE EXISTENCE OF THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 6. 2 explain what people thing about the advertisement by the company alerted on the existence of the phone?People alert the existence of the phone is 70% said yes, that mean people said yes is higher. Second is 22% people said not entirely the company alert on the existence of the phone and lastly is 8%% people said no. 6. RECOMMENDATION Based on the research findings, Apple and Blackberry should improve their marketing strategy that focus on these four elements: product, place, price and promotion. The manufacturer must determine what product that fit the customer’s need and wants. The product produced need to satisfy the customer’s demand so that they can generate more profit rather than losses.In view of place, the Apple and Blackberry companies should have a detail research to sell their products well. The wrong place can affects the sales of products. Pricing also plays an important role in selling the goods. The price need to match with the target prospect’s income and affordable to own. Last but not least, promotion is the part of a good marketing process. Without promotion, even greatest products can’t be penetrated well into the market. 7. CONCLUSION The conclusion was that our research Smartphone would last the longe st in the entire device the tested. Our conclusion do support from our research paper.What we think that the research we are went smoothly and can handle any problem we have, except for the fact that the respondent in our survey it’s not satisfaction because it is not running fast in something. Therefore, we had to take measurements quickly. An interesting future for our research might involve testing about our research and marketing mix in Smartphone Blackberry and Apple IPhone to stimulate actual customer using is higher or lower in marketing mix plan. 8. REFFERENCES Abkowitz Alyssa. Hempel Jessi. Thai, Kim. How Blackberry Does It. (2009). Fortune 160,(4), pg. 92-100. Retired October 2009, from BusinessSources Complete Anderson, Thomas M. What You Need to Know About Smartphones 2. 0. (2009). Kiplinger’s Personal Finance, 63, (11), pg. 79. Retrieved October 2009, from Business Source Complete. Canadian company Research In Motion (RIM) since 1999. [2]. managementparadi se. com/forums/marketing- management/209000-marketing-mix-blackberry. html. Cleverly Simple. (2009). Economist, 392, (8651), pg. 80-81. Retrieved October 2009, from Business Source Complete. Datamonitor: Apple Inc. (2009). Apple Inc. SWOT Analysis, p. 1-11. Retrieved October 2009, From Digital Daily – John Paczkowski – IPhones Desire Drive (2010). Blackberry vs Iphone Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate which is the best smart phone brand between Blackberry and Iphone by measuring the effectiveness of both marketing mix; Product, Price, Place and Promotions. A theoretical framework has been constructed and the group chose to conduct an online survey; using the website that enables users to create their own web-survey, in order to acquire the needed data for this research. The results indicate that the best smart phone so far is Blackberry because their company marketing mixes have been greatly positioned in the people’s mind and preferences.The marketing mix is a business tools in marketing product. The marketing mix is often crucial when determining a product or brand’s unique selling point (the unique quality that differentiates a product from its competitors) and is often synonymous with the four P’s (Borden, Neil. 1960). It is recommend that the marketing mix implemented by Blackberry is the most effective for mobile phone industry; as well as the smart phone, and the strategy lies within it should be followed and exaggerated from time to time to capture the greater demand of consumers. . INTRODUCTION There has been a massive trend in the mobile industry over these past five years. But in developing countries like Malaysia, the trend has just arrived here a couple years back. Every people walk by and teenagers run through, all with their brand new smart phones. Laughter and joy have encountered their live since the existence of the smart phone. 1. History IBM Simon was designed in 1992 and shown as a concept product in a computer trade exhibition took place in Las Vegas, Nevada.It was published and sold by BellSouth in 1993, and besides being a mobile phone, it also contained a calendar, address book, world clock, calculator, note pad, e-mail client, the ability to send and receive  faxes, and games. It had no physical buttons, instead customers used a  touch screen  to select telephone numbers with a finger or create faxes and memos with an optional stylus. Text was entered with a unique on-screen â€Å"predictive† keyboard. The term smart phone was used when Ericsson introduced the concept phone, GS88 and it was the first device labeled ‘smart phone. The trend of smart phone has been a great business to mobile entrepreneurs to expand their product assortments and this opportunity has injected Malaysia’s economic to a very potential growth. Hence, it also drives the local entrepreneur to set up a franchise business from the top smart phone brand which is the essence of the development of mobile industry in Malaysia. The relatively stable prices of Smartphone’s averaging around $309 in the region will continue to drive the industry’s strong growth momentum.In Southeast Asia where smart phone penetration is still nowhere near saturation levels, we can be sure that the current sales spurt will carry on for at least the next few years (The Next. 04-30. 2012). On the other hand, Canadian Research in Motion Blackberry has taken the lead in the smart phone market and being positively challenged by Steve Job’s Apple Iphone, the American, and among the world biggest inventors in mobile and computer. Blackberry and Iphone became a tsunami in the trend of consuming smart phone.Each and every part of newspapers and billboards has the advertisements and promotions of both brand simultaneously, all the latest application came by; altogether with Blackberry and Iphone. People were shocked and hardly believed that they experiencing a major revolution in their communicating devices and since then, hundreds and thousands of people world-wide will queue to buy the new version of smart phone by Apple and Blackberry when it was released in the market. 1. 2 Background Responding to the tremendous wave of the smart phones, the group has initiated and conducted a research on two smart phone market leaders, Apple an d Blackberry.The research was in objective to find the ‘best of the best’ by measuring the effectiveness of both marketing mixes. The group investigated the strategy they used in delivering the product to the customers and capturing the people’s interests on it. The research was named as Iphone versus Blackberry: Marketing Mix, and by this research, the group learned how well they drove the industry by changing the people’s wants into needs. 1. 3 COMPANY BACKGROUND 1. 3. 1 SMARTPHONE BLACKBERRY Blackberry is a line of Smartphone device. It developed and designed by Canadian company Research in Motion (RIM) since 1999.The function of the Smartphone Blackberry is a personal digital assistant, internet browsers, gaming devices, portable media players and so on. Their ability to sent and achieve email and instant massages is the primarily for maintaining a high level of security thought on device massages encryption. The device supports a large variety of inst ant massaging features including Blackberry Messengers (BBM). The first Blackberry device was introduced as a two way pager in Germany since 1999. The name of Smartphone was coined by the marketing company Lexicon Branding.Smartphone Blackberry was released to support push the email, mobile telephone, text messaging, via internet faxing, web browsing and others wireless information services. This is an example of convergent device. The RIM 850 and 857 used the Data Tac network is the original Blackberry device. Smartphone Blackberry is the first made headway in the marketplace by concentrating by email. The Blackberry email service to non-Blackberry devices currently offers from RIM. For example is the Palm Treo; through its Blackberry connect software. The original device had a monochrome display, but all current models have color displays.All models had a built-in QWERTY keyboard, optimized for thumbing, the use of only the thumbs to type. The models are the all-touch Torch 9850/9 860 except for the Storm series. 1. 3. 2 SMARTPHONE IPHONE Iphone also one of part line of the Smartphone designed. The market is by Apple Inc and it was unveiled by Steve Job, the CEO of Apple on January 2007. The iPhone 4s; the generation 5th generation iPhone was announced on October 2011 and released 10 days later. The function in iPhone 4 is a touch screen slate Smartphone also develop by Apple Inc.It is particularly marketed for video calling, consumption of media such as books and periodicals, movies and games and also for general web and email access. It was released in United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan. Apple Inc. announced about iPhone 4 on 2010 at San Francisco. It runs Apple’s iOS operating system, the same operating system as used on prior iPhones, the iPad and the iPod Touch. The mainly control by the user’s fingertips on the multi-touch display. It is sensitive to fingertip contact and the latest operating system release is iOS 5. 1.The new desig n, which incorporated a UN insulated stainless steel frame that acts as the device’s antenna is the most noticeable difference between the iPhone 4 and its predecessors. The internal components are situated between two panels of chemically strengthened alumina glass. It has an Apple A4 processor and 512 MB of eDRAM. It predeceases and four times that of the original iPhone. Its 3. 5-inch (89  mm)  LED backlit  liquid crystal display  with a 960? 640 pixel resolution is marketed as the â€Å"Retina Display†. 1. 4 SCOPE OF PROJECT The project is about the comparison of Marketing Mix between Apple Inc.Corperation and Blackberry Company from United States of American which both of pioneer leading inventors for ‘Smart Phone’ in the world. Thus, it is focused on the several chosen model of Smart phone introduced by both company based on the Tools of Marketing Mix; product, Price, Place and Promotion (4P’s) in which will be the measurement methods of the comparison. 1. 4. 1 Location 1. 3. 1. 1 The research is conducted in Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor and the respondent is estimated around 1000 to 2000 people. 1. 4. 2 Respondents segmentation: 1. 3. 2. 1 Numbers of respondents: 100 internet users 1. 3. 2. 2 Tools of research: 1. 3. 2. Researches are using 100% questionnaires via Internet Survey and not have other method. 1. 4. 2. 4 Microsoft Project used in structuring the Gantt chart. 1. 4. 3 Limitations of project: 1. 4. 3. 1 Website does not provide the required †¢ Groups were experiencing the difficulties in seeking the information about the company which the company’s websites does not prove the required information. 1. 4. 3. 3 Internal conflict †¢ Group members also caused negative effects on project from internal conflict †¢ For example, group cannot give the full commitment with other for find the information to collect the data in work project. . Objective of Project 1. Aim: Revealing the best bra nd for the consumer based on the Marketing Mix 2. Objective 1. Learning the fundamentals of project management. 2. Improving the studies on research methodology such as collecting information, interpreting data and conducting survey 3. Applying the teamwork theories while initiating the project. 6. Problem Statement / Research Question Marketing mix is a generally phase used to describe the different kinds choices organization have to in the whole process of bringing a product or service to market.The 4Ps is one way probably the best known way of defining the marketing mix and was first expressed. (1960, EMJ McCarthy) A problem faced by the marketing mix for Smartphone between BlackBerry and I phone. People want to know how companies can manage the marketing mix with competitor from 4 sides 4Ps. Firstly is services or product, people want to know the features does it have to meet these needs and there are any features they missed out or including costly features that the customer wo n’t actually used, how and where will the people use it.Secondly is about the place in marketing mix, people want more to know where do buyer look for the Smartphone product or services, the customer need used a sales force or attend the trade fairs or make online submission or others. For marketing mix in price, the problem statement people more to known what the value of the product or services to the buyer and what the offered to trade customer. At the last problem statement is marketing mix it is people want to know is about promotion, what the best promotion company used their Smartphone in the press or on TV, radio or internet and others. . Target User The purpose of this research was to examine which is the best smart phone brand between Blackberry and Apple I Phone based on the marketing mix of each product. Below are the people who were targeted on the research: 1. 7. 1 Blackberry and Apple I Phone users. †¢ Both smart phone brand users were the target user and also the respondents of this research. 1. 7. 2 Other smart phone users and future users. †¢ Besides both brand users, other brand and non- users were also became the target user as they also the target audience for the companies. 1. LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Definition of marketing mix 2. 2 4Ps Nowadays, the demands of new technology of smart phones become increasing from day to day. As the demands have been climbing up, all producers of the smart phones are compete with each other in producing the best products that meet the consumer’s demand. In this project paper, we are trying to explore on the element of marketing mix which are product, place, price and promotion of the smart phones produced by Apple and Blackberry. These two companies are well known as the prime producers of the smart phones because of their high technology.In link with that, this research is trying to focus on how the products affect the customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is very important th ing to consider by the producers as it will affect the sale of the products and automatically increase the revenue. For Apple company, it is already known as the manufacturer of smart phones that manage to penetrates their products well into the market. Starting from the first model of Iphone, they finally capture the customer attention by their latest smart phone which is Iphone 4s. Blackberries also do not want to miss the opportunity to introduce their smart phones to the smart phones lovers.They have come out with the latest smart phones in order to fulfill the consumer’s needs and wants. How well their performance to attract the consumers to realize that their products exist in the market? This research will determine how well their marketing in promoting their products. Apple and Blackberry are known as the great company that come out with smart phones and certainly there are no other competitors can defeat them as their products and services are in the very good level of quality. There is a connection between service quality and customer satisfaction.If the service quality is in the very high level, there will be an increasing in customer satisfaction and it will keep the customer retention towards the products. As the example, Blackberry has produced variety of smart phones starting from Bold 1 until Bold 5 as well as the demand of the consumers whom wants the latest version on smart phones. The same things are happening to Apple Company which has produced their product series of Iphone and the latest one is Iphone 4s. This kind of situation shows that service quality plays an important role in adding up the customer satisfyHarvard Bureau of Business Research already did a research regarding marketing mix of food manufacturer in 1929. The primary objective of that research is to determine common figures of expenses for various marketing functions among food manufacturing companies. We are trying to do a kind of similar research paper on marketin g mix for Blackberry and Apple Iphone to see which types between product, place, promotion and price is more effective in selling the products. The list of four elements of 4p’s can be explained in more details.According to Borden, Neil H, the first element for product means what types of product lines that the company wants to offer. For example, the quality and design of certain product. Besides that, the new product policy should be considered too and research and development need to be done carefully. Secondly, is the place for selling the product. The manufacturer needs to consider the suitable place to sell their product so there will be no loss in the future. They need to determine where to put the product and make sure that the product can be accepted in that place. Next, promotion also is the most important element in marketing mix.Promotion is the hardest part for manufacturer to promote their products. Last but not least, price also plays an important role in marke ting mix. Price level must be determine whether it is suitable and affordable enough for the consumers to get the products. Marketing mix is related to the consumer’s buying behavior, the trade behavior, competition’s position and behavior, and also government’s behavior. Marketing mix need to be understanding well by the manufacturer as it has proved that it help as a device in teaching, business problem solving, and as an aid of thinking in marketing.In research process, there will be a tool that would help in gathering the findings. For this research, there are several methods that have been used in collecting the findings. Firstly, by using the questionnaire method. The questionnaires have been given to the 100 people in order to find out the answer on element of marketing mix and how the products affect the customer satisfaction. The interviewing method also be use to collect the information. The interviewing session is between the researcher and the Blackb erry and Apple Iphone seller around Selangor region. 3. 0 METHODOLOGYOur group had various method of using in the research. Among the method we used is questionnaire to get the response from people using Smartphone Blackberry and Iphone. It was distributing 100 questioners to people answer and get feedback as my research from their perception. Other else, our group also searching from internet for get much information and many examples about how many people using Smart Phone like Blackberry and Iphone in Malaysian and the questionnaire. In order that, we are always ask our lecturer Puan Hasnira as my lecturer the Group Project subject for monitoring.Other various we used of using in the research from interview a few friends using the Smart Phone at collage or out of collage and get the perception from this research. 1. SELECTION OF RESPONDENT †¢ For the selection of respondent we are used from both of Smartphone Apple Iphone and Blackberry brand users were the target user and a lso the respondents of this research. In order that, we are also used from other Smartphone user or future users, beside both brand users, other brand and non- users were also became the target user as they also the target audience for the companies. . Questionnaire In order that, the survey used by on internet for the questionnaire to promote our product. We passed the questionnaire based on Facebook, email and other else. Our group used the Survey Monkey for making the questionnaire and save all data and all answer from people. Used the survey on internet can make people to answer our questionnaire and helps makes success on survey. It’s easy to pass the questionnaire from survey buy internet. 3. Data Collection Study Besides that, have five parts on the questionnaire for making the question.Part A people answer the question based on thick the question and choose the answer based people choice. Part B is people should be underline the product are using and answer the questi on based on your product, also with part C and part E. Part D people should be thick the answer based on the box for answer the question. 4. PROJECT MANAGEMENT 1. WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE The approach of breaking down the work used by the group in prior to converge in developing a detailed list of the activities needed to execute this project . The figure below shows the group WBS for the project. pic] 2. COLLECTING THE INFORMATION 1. Collecting information The very first step in project executing. The information collected is all about the marketing mix for Apple and Blackberry. 2. Analyzing and dividing information The information collected is being analyze and divided. 3. Gathering output The information that have been analyze are collected together to find out the results or findings 4. Moderation The process of arranging and gathering the collected data. 3. CONDUCTING INTERVIEW 1. Conducting interview Interview is the next process after information have been collected.The inter view approaches is using to gather the information from the respondent. In this case, the respondent is the salesperson of Apple and Blackberry phones. 2. Analyze requirement The process of analyzing the requirement needed to identify the types of information gathered. 3. Investigating information The next process in work breakdown structure. The information gathered must be investigate to find the results. 4. Gathering output The last step is gathering the output or the information get from the interview session and arrange in correct order. 4. SURVEY 1. SurveyThe survey is carry out in Bandar Baru Bangi where the expected respondent is the most. 2. Endorsement of questionnaires The questionnaires prepared are distributed to the target respondent in Bandar Baru Bangi. 3. Intepreting information The process of translating the data into useful information 4. Moderation The process of arranging the data collected. 5. 0 FINDING AND ANALYSIS PHONE’S BRAND USER [pic] Figure 5. 1 e xplain how many people using the brands of Smartphone between genders. For male using the Smartphone Iphone is 8%, Blackberry 26% and for Non-user Smartphone is 7%.In order that genders for female using the Smartphone Iphone are 9%, Blackberry 38% and Non-user Smartphone is 12%. The higher user using Smartphone Blackberry for female and male. OCCUPATION [pic] Figure 5. 2 explain the monthly income in occupation user for the Smartphone. Monthly income below RM1000 is using the Smartphone start from student, the higher using then Smartphone is 46%, Blue Collar Worker and White Collar Worker is 2%. For monthly income around RM1000-RM3000 for student is 2%, Blue Collar Worker is 25 and White Collar is 8%.In order that for monthly income RM300 and above more to Blue Collar Worker 5% and White Collar Worker is 11%. WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 5. 3 explain what people think about the brands of users. Firstly for it’s a new product the user of Iphone is 8%, Blackberr y is 12% and Non-user Smartphone is 3%. Iphone user said the think of the phone is 7%, blackberry is 28% and Non-user is 2% and lastly is about because a lot of people are using it for user Iphone is 2%, Blackberry is 24% and Non-user Smartphone is 14%. Many users Blackberry in this Bar Chart.WHY DO YOU CHOOSE THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 5. 4 explain why people choose the Smartphone. The user Non-user 4%, Blackberry 18% and Iphone 3% choose because the phone suits with their preferences. In order that, 5% for Non-user, 23% for Blackberry and 7% for Iphone choose the phone cause of they are like the features. And lastly because of the new trend, Smartphone Iphone support 7%, Blackberry 23% and Non-user is 10%. DO YOU THINK THAT THE PRICE OF YOUR PRODUCT IS REASONABLE? [pic] Bar Chart explains what people think the price in product is reasonable for Smartphone.Have 7% support yes and no from neither. In order that, from Smartphone Blackberry had 63% said yes and 5% said no. Smartphone Iph one 26% said the price is reasonable and 2% is not accepting the price is reasonable. DO YOU KNOW THE LATEST PROMOTION OFFERED ON THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 5. 6 explain how many people know the promotion latest in advertisement offered on the Smartphone. For television have 14% said yes, 4% said no and 1% did not hear new promotions. Radio, only 3% said yes. Internet, 45% said yes, 2% said no and did not hear the promotions.Newspaper, 18% said yes, 3% said no and 1% said did not hear new promotions. And last people know the latest promotion on banner, 5% said yes and only 1% said no. the higher people know the latest promotion on internet. WHAT IS YOUR OPINION TOWARDS THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 5. 7 explain about what opinion of people towards the phone choose. The first opinion its had 5% it is a they are don’t think that the phone is the best in market for now, also 18% people give the opinion is they are certainly hope that there is more new model to come .In order that had oth ers such as their own opinion support 9% and the higher opinion from people its 77%, they are said the phone they are used is the best phone so far. WHICH ONE DO YOU FEEL THAT IT IS WORTH TO OWN EVEN THOUGH IT COSTS? [pic] Pie chart in Figure 5. 8 explains about which one people feel that it is worth to own even thought it costs? Have 16% people feel that IPhone it worth to their own even though it costs than BlackBerry it’s 84%. I KNOW THE NEAREST OUTLET THAT SELLS THE PHONE. [pic] Figure 5. 9 explain about how many people nearest outlet that sells the phone.And the result its 23% said disagree about nearest the outlet, 4% said neutral and the higher it’s 73% people said agree about the people know the nearest outlet that sell the phone. And many people agree about that. I FIND IT IS HARD FOR ME TO GO TO THE OULET BECAUSE IT IS NOT STRATEGICALLY LOCATED. [pic] Figure 6. 0 explain that people how to easy people go to the outlet because it is not strategically located. The result is 10% people agree the located it not good strategies, 29% said that are neutral and the higher said 61% people said disagree about the located it’s not strategies.I LIKE TO GO TO THE OUTLET TO CHECK OUT NEW MODEL BECAUSE THE OUTLET IS VERY ACCOMMODATING AND THE SERVICE IS EXCELLENT. [pic] Figure 6. 1 explain how many people agree or disagree with like to go the outlet to check out new model because the outlet is very accommodating and the service is excellent. 15% neutral, in order that 29% it’s agreed and the higher like to go the outlet to check out new model is disagree 56%. DO YOU THINK THAT THE ADVERTISEMENT BY THE COMPANY ALERTED YOU ON THE EXISTENCE OF THE PHONE? [pic] Figure 6. 2 explain what people thing about the advertisement by the company alerted on the existence of the phone?People alert the existence of the phone is 70% said yes, that mean people said yes is higher. Second is 22% people said not entirely the company alert on the existence of the phone and lastly is 8%% people said no. 6. RECOMMENDATION Based on the research findings, Apple and Blackberry should improve their marketing strategy that focus on these four elements: product, place, price and promotion. The manufacturer must determine what product that fit the customer’s need and wants. The product produced need to satisfy the customer’s demand so that they can generate more profit rather than losses.In view of place, the Apple and Blackberry companies should have a detail research to sell their products well. The wrong place can affects the sales of products. Pricing also plays an important role in selling the goods. The price need to match with the target prospect’s income and affordable to own. Last but not least, promotion is the part of a good marketing process. Without promotion, even greatest products can’t be penetrated well into the market. 7. CONCLUSION The conclusion was that our research Smartphone would last the longe st in the entire device the tested. Our conclusion do support from our research paper.What we think that the research we are went smoothly and can handle any problem we have, except for the fact that the respondent in our survey it’s not satisfaction because it is not running fast in something. Therefore, we had to take measurements quickly. An interesting future for our research might involve testing about our research and marketing mix in Smartphone Blackberry and Apple IPhone to stimulate actual customer using is higher or lower in marketing mix plan. 8. REFFERENCES Abkowitz Alyssa. Hempel Jessi. Thai, Kim. How Blackberry Does It. (2009). Fortune 160,(4), pg. 92-100. Retired October 2009, from BusinessSources Complete Anderson, Thomas M. What You Need to Know About Smartphones 2. 0. (2009). Kiplinger’s Personal Finance, 63, (11), pg. 79. Retrieved October 2009, from Business Source Complete. Canadian company Research In Motion (RIM) since 1999. [2]. managementparadi se. com/forums/marketing- management/209000-marketing-mix-blackberry. html. Cleverly Simple. (2009). Economist, 392, (8651), pg. 80-81. Retrieved October 2009, from Business Source Complete. Datamonitor: Apple Inc. (2009). Apple Inc. SWOT Analysis, p. 1-11. Retrieved October 2009, From Digital Daily – John Paczkowski – IPhones Desire Drive (2010).

Sweatshops essays

Sweatshops essays How do Sweatshops tie into our Nations Products? Many companies and schools in the United States buy their products from factories that have their workers working in horrible conditions. That is employing over 50,000 workers to work in these conditions. They have the workers work from 5 A.M. until nighttime inhaling dangerous chemicals and working in temperatures that get as high as 130 degrees. These high temperatures cause heat stress, burns, and injuries to workers. Many of the factories that the United States buys from are in another countries. In these countries they have horrible working conditions. Working in these places called sweatshops should be banned. Sweatshops are a shop or factory in which employees work long hours at low wages under poor conditions. These factories cause problems for their workers later in the worker's life. Occasionally these problems lead to death. Many workers do not get to see a doctor when they are ill. Workers choose to go work to make money rather than see a doctor. Most do not receive regular vaccinations that help their body fight against "smallpox, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, and diphtheria". A sweatshop factory brings visions of dangerous, filthy, and cramped conditions. Many of these sweatshops do not pay their workers the right amount. "In Bangladesh and Myanmar, they pay ten to eighteen cents; in China, Pakistan, Vietnam, India, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia they pay twenty to sixty-eight cents per hour. Why do owners pay their workers so little? The wages they give these workers should be different. Many of these factories hire children who are ineligible to work in these places. About 250 million children between the ages five and fourteen work in sweatshops. Half of these children are working full time and one third of them are working in extremely dangerous conditions. These children do not belong working in such dangerous conditions. "Many of these childre...

102 Monster Structure And Bib Professor Ramos Blog

102 Monster Structure And Bib Quick Write Quick Write What is the purpose of evaluating a monster? Points to Consider Definition: Explain and define the monster you are writing about. Mission: Explain your mission early on. Hook us with a good reason to continue reading. Background: How did the monster come to be? Culture: How the monster represents culture?   What cultural use does the monster serve? Theory: How does the monster theory help us understand the monster or society? Focal Point: Evaluate a specific monster representation not all of the representations. Use the other ones to help evaluate the main one. Compare and Contrast: Examine the differences. Compare the strengths and weaknesses. Judgment: How dies the monster meet the criteria for evaluation? Purpose: Most evaluations provide usable information and beneficial criticism. After studying the monster and reading your essay, we should have a better understanding of the monster. Keep it Simple: Choose a simple or predictable structure, criteria, and grading/evaluation. Monster Theory and Frankenstein In small groups, look at the seven theories to see which apply to Frankenstein and his Monster. Monster Theory Thesis I. The Monster’s Body Is a Cultural Body (4) Thesis II. The Monster Always Escapes (4) Thesis III. The Monster Is the Harbinger of Category Crisis (6) Thesis IV. The Monster Dwells at the Gates of Difference (7) Thesis V. The Monster Polices the Borders of the Possible (12) Thesis VI. Fear of the Monster Is Really a Kind of Desire (16) Thesis VII. The Monster Stands at the Threshold . . . of Becoming (20) Monster Theory Class Notes Monster Annotated Bib You will need to decide on the monster you want to evaluate, and investigate the subject thoroughly. You will need to find your primary sources and scholarly sources. For Example: Dracula or Vampires Primary Sources: Bram Stoker’s novel, Dracula (1898) – Book Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1992) – Film Scholarly Sources: Search the  Crafton  library database for your monster or category of monster. Also, Google Scholar is a great search engine for scholarly stuff. Possible search terms: Dracula Dracula critical analysis Dracula vampire For this assignment, you should include: Summary of Source, 2-4 sentences How you are using it in your report, 1-3 sentences Krikorian, Mark. â€Å"Two Immigration Priorities.†Ã‚  National Review, Dec, 2016, pp. 18-20, SIRS Issues Researcher,  www.sks.sirs.com. This article goes into detail on some of the other less talked about factors of the changes in how we deal with illegal immigrants under our new president and his policies. The author is the director of the Center for Immigration Studies so I assume he is a credible expert in immigration. I will use this source to get more specific in my critique of the border wall proposal. Krikorian, Mark. â€Å"Two Immigration Priorities.†Ã‚  National Review, Dec, 2016, pp. 18-20, SIRS Issues Researcher,  www.sks.sirs.com. This article goes into detail on some of the other less talked about factors of the changes in how we deal with illegal immigrants under our new president and his policies. The author is the director of the Center for Immigration Studies so I assume he is a credible expert in immigration. I will use this source to get more specific in my critique of the border wall proposal.

Reflective Management Journal Nursing Essay

Reflective Management Journal Nursing Essay Effective Management in Health Industry Nursing Essay Effective Management in Health Industry Nursing Essay The aim of this reflective management journal is to critically analyze the incident, which occurred in my clinical practice where I work as a senior nurse in a team of staff nurses. Using Gibb’s (1988) model, the emerged feelings, thoughts and corresponding themes connected with the incident will be identified, and finally, possible solutions will be generated. It is an undoubtable fact that emotions can demonstrate what a person really thinks and what attitudes he/she holds. Therefore, by utilizing the aforementioned reflective model, my intention is to become more self-aware and reflective. In addition, critical thinking is supposed to improve personal strengths and success and that of my followers. As Horton-Deutsch (2013) states, â€Å"it is important to be aware of one’s thinking in order to understand oneself, and to make informed and logical decisions when working with others. In turn, attending to the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of others facilitates prog ress toward achieving professional and organizational goals.† After generating possible solutions, the most appropriate one will be discussed and selected. Considering a conflict as an opportunity to discover new sides of personalities and foster change for the better, it will be wise to reveal my particular goal, which is to improve communication and enhance collaboration between all the team members as well as promote their personal and professional growth. REFLECTIVE MANAGEMENT JOURNAL Consequently, reflective judgment and elaborated analysis of the conflict will establish constructive relationships among all the participants. Moreover, the conflicts constantly arise in the working process; they result from various types of contradictions that ultimately lead to the corresponding change and evolvement. The task of an efficient leader is to productively manage any type of conflict and turn it into a constructive experience and motivator of progress due to the reflective practice. In this study, by utilizing Covey’s (1990) theory, an attempt to solve an interpersonal issue that occurred in the respective team of nurses will be made. Moreover, the negative experience will be turned into a development means of both the followers and me personally. Journal of the incident (15 May, 2015) To start the management journal, it is reasonable to state the factual information concerning the incident, which happened at the workplace and which presents a specific interest as it is related to my goal to improve the teamwork. Further, the thoughts and feelings provoked by the conflict will be reflected; this stage corresponds to Description, Feelings, Evaluation, and Analysis phases in Gibb’s reflective model (Gibbs 1988). The incident happened between a middle-aged experienced nurse (she is one of the staff nurses, though not a senior one) and a young nurse who had just started her practice. The older woman provoked a conflict and expressed her irritation at the younger one in a rude manner. Moreover, she shouted at the young colleague in front of the patients and other workers who were present in the department. When the crying nurse informed about the incident, it raised a range of strong emotions. It is necessary to state that first I felt annoyed, desperate and even furious. Furthermore, I had fear because despite the fact that I was a senior worker in the team, this nurse was older and more experienced. Consequently, this difference in age produced additional complications. First I decided that it was better not to initiate any conversation with her, since it was her usual behavior and the staff seemed to accept her as she was. Analysis of Journal Continuing analysis, the following themes may be distinguished: issues in the interpersonal relationships within the team, bullying the young personnel, negative emotions and stress at the workplace, and heightened level of anxiety in young nurses due to unhelpful behaviors of their seniors. Moreover, I noticed the problem in this experienced nurse’s motivation: regardless of her age, she was a staff nurse without any senior responsibilities. The next step was to discuss the emerged situation with witnesses, both medical workers and patients. In such a way, it was possible to gather enough data in order to create a vivid picture of what had occurred. After analyzing all the circumstances, the conclusion was made that it was vital to engage in problem-solving with the nurse who demonstrated unhelpful behavior. It was important to determine and identify the specific problem (or problems) together as well as generate its possible solutions and choose the most appropriate one. It seemed that it was the most constructive way of dealing with the conflict. Reflection and Linking to Theory To make a reasonable and evidence-based decision, I collected relevant information first via observations, reports presented by others in the clinical unit, and communicating with the nurse herself. Having obtained the objective judgment, I noted all the circumstances and made an attempt to create a vivid and true picture of the emerged situation. From the personal observations, combined with reasonable arguments, logical inferences and conclusions, it was possible to get sufficient evidence for the further decision-making process. Thus, it appeared that this nurse’s disruptive behavior was noticed repeatedly in her practice. Moreover, her unhelpful behaviors were directed not only at the younger nurses but also at the patients. Consequently, this issue raised the severity in the clinical environment. It is also reflected in the research as a looming problem of practice settings in regard to the concepts of nurses â€Å"eating their young† (Hamric et al 2014) or â€Å" incivility† in nursing (Clark Olender 2011). Taking into account Covey’s (1990) imperative to â€Å"be proactive†, my decision was not to ignore the unpleasant situation, but to deal with thoroughly and productively with the problem. In order to act promptly and produce an anticipated reaction to a stimulus seems ineffective and simplistic. According to the typical behavioristic formula â€Å"Stimulus – Reaction† (described by famous psychologists like Thorndike and Skinner), the mode of behavior is neither productive in the human relationships and performance nor in all humans (Hjelle Ziegler 1992). As Frankl (2006) described in his famous book, a person in any circumstances has still the choice to rise over them and choose own reaction and attitude. Then, having made a decision, one becomes responsible for his choice and life in general. Moreover, neither external circumstances, nor subconscious instincts and any other mechanisms are able to determine his behaviors and thoughts. It is important to become conscious and self-aware as well as to choose one’s own way (Frankl 2006). To be a proactive person, I decided that the solution of this issue was within my circle of influence (Covey 1990). I felt my responsibility for the outcome of this conflict, since it happened within my team. Therefore, simple reactive behavior was not appropriate and contradicted my values connected with the features of an effective leader. I agree with Covey (2006) that the eternal values and principles must be of the first priority, such as â€Å"trust, fairness, service, courage, humility, integrity, human dignity, contribution, growth and empowerment† (Covey 2006, cited in Govier Nash 2009, p. 24). It was decided to act in accordance with the afore-mentioned values. Moreover, I decided to make them apparent to the nurse so that she could acquire these values in her own attitudes, behaviors, and interpersonal relationships. Regardless of the grave nature of the incident and my ardent initial emotional reaction, I managed to control and avoid the feelings so that they do not prevent constructive solution to the conflict. Taking Covey’s (1990) Habit 2 â€Å"End in mind† as a guide while taking a decision how to deal with the nurse, I had a clear target, which was to achieve positive outcomes for all the participants and the whole organization. In other words, it was urgent to promote personal development, transformation, and maturation of the nurse as well as ultimately improve the efficiency of the whole team. To use conflict as a means of development is another important idea revealed in the respective research (Govier Nash 2009). In this regard, it was impossible to suppress any emotions. Being determined to become a transformational leader (the concept of transformational leadership will be discussed later in the paper), I must learn to deal with any type of complexities, evolve stronge r and more accomplished from adversities, as well as inspire my followers to accept negative incidents as opportunities to grow (Bass Steidlmeier 1999; Oliver 2006; Givens 2008; Brown Mitchell 2009; Frankel 2009; Hamric et al. 2014). In this concern, I made a decision to utilize the ideas of the strength-based approach in order to engage the nurse in a more productive and solution-oriented dialogue (Gallagher 2007). Moreover, the position of mutual respect and endeavoring to make a person feel comfortable while communicating with me are in compliance with my personal philosophy of interpersonal relationships. Therefore, in order achieve the goal of engaging the nurse into the discussion and make her feel safe, open, and ready to solve the general issue for the common positive outcomes, I started from expressing some neutral observations. Applying the so-called â€Å"Neutral Zone† at the beginning of any dialogue allows one â€Å"to remove the threat stimulus†, and â€Å"an innate survival instinct† of an individual does not switch on and does not induce him/her get defensive (Gallagher 2007). Consequently, in order to solve the raised conflict between the nurses, I decided to analyze the situation with objectivity and justice as well as listen to the both parties carefully. It is considered that such leadership style promotes justice and equality in the work setting and is close to the notion of â€Å"action learning, which is about reflection and experiential learning. It is a balance of support and challenge.† (Govier Nash 2009, p. 23). During the process of decision-making, I also tried to account for the peculiarities of her personality. As Covey (1990) states, within the personal Production Capability paradigm, it is necessary to enhance all the four personality domains: physical, mental, social / emotional, and spiritual. Discussing various sides of her life, I aimed at realizing her motives, attitudes, feelings, and values; her general set of beliefs and meanings that influence her choices in everyday performance and interactions. While following such a plan, I considered the 5th habit by Covey (1990) and tried to listen attentively to the nurse’s arguments as well as demonstrate empathy. In other words, my approach in communication with her was first to understand and then seek to be understood (Covey 1990). It frequently occurs that angry behaviors and reactions do not necessarily result from the associated conflicting type of the personality. Within the framework of emotional intelligence, it is vital to become aware of own thinking processes and feelings. McQueen (2003) states that emotional intelligence, which includes interpersonal and intrapersonal skills or the skills of social analysis are part of the nursing work. On the one hand, the nurses must be able to interpret and understand feelings, motives, and concerns of the patients. Additionally, McQueen (2003) asserts that negotiating skills, high performance in human interactions and relationships are required for excellent teamwork of the nurs es. Therefore, we discussed different aspects of her life and her relationships with the family members. I consider that my initial approach of focusing on strengths (Gallagher 2007) allowed me to create a positive cooperative attitude of the nurse. She was ready to share her troubles with me because she realized that our common goal was to assist her in the difficulties she faced. In turn, analyzing her reports, I realized that the nurse had considerable problems with her interpersonal communication and decided to make a plan for her improvement in this sphere. The necessity to enhance her both interpersonal and emotional intelligence (McQueen 2003) was evident. Thus, in various spheres of communication (except for colleagues, also family and friends) she demonstrated emotional immaturity, incapacity to control her initial inadequate reactions, lack of the ability to understand and co-operate with people. In addition, a low level of intrapersonal intelligence did not allow her to recognize and judge own feelings, be aware of her own self. As McQueen states, â€Å"an accurate picture of one’s self . . . [is necessary] to operate successfully in life† (p. 102). Finally, I was able to arrive at such conclusions on the basis of the objective observations, her reports and those presented by other people in the clinical unit. Consequently, it was possible to make reasonable decision grounded on the substantial evidence. Finally, we tried to create a mutually beneficial solution to the problematic situation, bearing in mind Covey’s (1990) win-win dimension. The nurse agreed that behaving polite and civil with others, she can gain positive personal outcomes. First, she will attain respect from the team members. Moreover, it will bring positive emotions at the workplace and promote the feeling of job satisfaction. In addition, she will be able to get the opportunities for her professional realization by teaching younger nurses and mentoring them. In particular, it is hard to overstate the role of mentorship for the young personnel. Many researchers stated its importance in their studies (Oliver 2006; Frankel 2009; Clark Olender 2011; O’Grady 2011; Hamric et al. 2014; Linette Sherman 2014). Consequently, we included the development of the mentoring characteristic of the APN leadership competency into our common plan. Specifically, these elements included shared vision, serving as a mentor, willingness to share the power, empowering self and others, and self-reflection (Hamric et al. 2014, p. 278). The final unit of the plan comprised two more objectives, namely time and stress management. The respective reason was that the nurse acknowledged that she often felt annoyed and desperate due to the enormous workloads combined with insufficient time for its completion. From my side, job satisfaction of my followers is my major purpose since it can promote their effective performance at work. The current research has shown the interrelation of high performance, job satisfaction of subordinates and ethical, transformational leadership style (Bass Steidlmeier 1999; Brown Mitchell 2010). In order to achieve a shared goal, a good leader must be able to â€Å"to explore personal and team motives/beliefs in accomplishing a change or perceived vision of successâ€Å"(Oliver 2006, p. 39). Having chosen the leadership concepts and styles mentioned above as a guide in my professional evolvement, my principal target is to support reflection in my followers, inspire confidence in them, and their desire to become more professionally accomplished. In such a way, as a senior nurse, I will be able to achieve high outcomes for our clinical unit. The current research has defined the concept of leadership as a â€Å"multifaceted process of identifying a goal or target, motivating other people to act, and providing support and motivation to achieve mutually negotiated goals† (Porter-O’Grady 2003, cited in Frankel 2009). In fact, scientists in leadership domain present a large number of theories, including: great man, trait, contingency, engaging, transactional and transformational leadership theories (Bass Steidlmeier 1999; Govier Nash 2009). In accordance with my inclinations and principles, transformational (which is also inspirational and ethical) framework seems to be the most appropriate foundation for creating my own authentic leadership style. Considering its four key components, being idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration (Bass Steidlmeier 1999), transformational style grounds have a great impact on the leader’s ability to motiva te the follower to accomplish more than what he planned to accomplish. Charismatic transformational leader achieves high personal and organizational outcomes because he/she succeeds in making the followers’ and the organization’s values become congruent (Givens 2008). The most important concept of the transformational leadership deals with the morality and ethical beliefs ruling leader’s behavior (Brown Mitchell 2010). Bass Steidlmeier (1999) assert that only a leader with morally uplifting values can be considered transforming and influence his/her followers’ high standards of moral ideals. Brown Mitchell (2010) add that people are likely to conform to the ethical values of their leaders and follow his/her role models. Moreover, ethical leaders are perceived as approachable as well as ready to deal with the individuals’ problems and concerns. Moreover, the followers tend to reciprocate with beneficial work behavior when they feel beneficial attitude of their leader (Brown Mitchel 2010). I consider that completely supporting the view of the ethical transformational leader, it is critical to navigate through the conflicts and adversities with absolute norms and principles in mind, which are called â€Å"a compass† by Covey (2009) (cited in Govier Nash 2009). The only directing force that controls one’s decisions, attitudes at work and any interpersonal relationships must be morality and justice. Finally, to be able to navigate the change in a dynamic world, a nurse has to be ready to constantly transform and be open to the new experience. Moreover, these qualities enable one’s creativity and innovation in the organizations. Combining personal integrity and eternal values as well as distinct and unambiguous understanding of the health care system standards, it is possible to lead constructive change in the health care environment. Finally, the capacity for innovation is perhaps the most vital in today’s changing world. As stated in the report by the Institute of Medicine, â€Å"Creating innovative care models in the patient’s setting and throughout the healthcare community is an essential requisite of contemporary practice.† (O’Grady, 2011, p. 35) In case with this unhelpful nurse, prone to conflict with patients and younger colleagues, one of the ways to deal with her disruptive behavior was just to apply some type of disciplinary punishment. However, I consider that such motivation is ineffective as well as causes additional stress and negative factors in practice. In addition, it is my task to mitigate stress of the staff nurses at the clinical setting because a true leader should â€Å"role model professionalism and utilize effective communication skills† (Clark Olender 2011, p. 325). Extrinsic motivation, which is more the characteristic of transactional leadership, cannot fully involve the individual and force him/her to develop, improve, and achieve the higher goals. Amabile (1997) asserts that motivation can be of two cardinally different types, namely intrinsic and extrinsic. The first one is more efficient since it implies a person’s â€Å"deep interest and involvement in the work†, as well as à ¢â‚¬Å"curiosity, enjoyment, or a personal sense of challenge† (Amabile 1997, p. 44). In contrast, extrinsic motivation is associated with the goals, which are not connected with the work itself, for example, achieving reward or avoiding a punishment. It is clear that only task intrinsic motivation and precise goal-setting can inspire a person to grow. For this reason, I have chosen these concepts in my own performance as a leader. In particular, together with my nurse, we created a concrete plan how to achieve better results for her personal good and more effective communication with the team members. According to Albert Bandura’s social-cognitive theory (Hjelle Ziegler 1992), goal-setting is valuable due to its ability to promote self-efficacy and resilience at the workplace. Distinct goals help envision the picture of a desired result and identify the next actions. On the contrary, the absence of distinguished aims makes a person spend all energy in his attempts to focus the attention. Therefore, goal-setting can increase motivation, concentrate attention a nd efforts by creating the images of desired proficiency outcomes in the mind of a person. Consequently, one spends all energy and efforts only on fulfilling the exact plan, which consists of the set goals. To summarize, I utilized the reflective management journal for the development of my reflection and critical thinking skills. Reflective models used in the health care research, following Gibb’s (1988) model, present a helpful set to manage complexities at the clinical practice since they promote understanding and unbiased perception of the problem’s components. It appeared that Covey’s theory is effective in producing the most appropriate decisions and productive solutions. In my practice, I aim at acquiring all the essential characteristics of an authentic transformational leader, with the goals of bringing success to my organization, team, and its every member. My values and principles are in accordance with the absolute moral foundations, the most important value being a human, his personal well-being and multi-faceted development.